Horatio g



H. G. SICKEL.

Vapor Burner.-

Patented Aug. 7, 1849.

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HORATIO G. SICKEL, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA.

GAS-LAMP.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 6,624, dated August '7,1849; Reissued. May 31, 1859, No. 734:.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, HORAI'IO Gr. Sronnn, of 3 the city and county ofPhiladelphia and State of Pennsylvania, have invented a new and usefulImprovement in the Construc-Q tion of a Lamp for Burning Vapor, called-Sickels Improved Vapor Burner, which is the lamp. Fig. 4 is a plan ofthe safety valve.

Similar letters in the several figures refer 1 to corresponding parts.

' A is a reservoir into which is poured the spirit (generally composedof a mixture of alcohol and spirits of turpentine) to be heated forproducing the vapor to be ignited secured to the head of the outercylinder at to produce the required light.

B is the opening at which the spirit is introduced to the reservoir.

C is a tubular valve stopper for closing opening B, screwed into thereservoir.

D is the valve.

E is the stem of the valve. passing through a central aperture in thetop of the stopper, which top has four or more segmental openings 0 forthe escape of the.

vapor. F is a helical spring pressing upon the valve to keep it closedand agamst the open end of the stopper. This stopper is made in the formof a hollow cylinder with openings in each end, and a rim around theupper end, and a screw formed on its outer surface next the rim, theopening in the bottom being closed by the valve f, the openings 0 in thetop being always open for the escape of vapor when the valve D is open,or raised. G is the inner cylinder extending down into the reservoir tonear the bottom thereof for conducting the vapor to the burner.

H is a screw formed on the same below the milled head it by which thecylinder is turned for securing the cylinder G to the reservoir A.- I isa circular rim or curb in which is formed a female screw J, in which themale screw H, just mentioned, is screwed.

K is a screw formed around on the outer surface of the inner cylinder Gabove the 2, is a vertical sect-ion through the center of the burner.Fig. 3, is a side and top; view of the tubular stopper detached fromthrough the burner. rounded by a reticulated cylinder S at a I saidmilled head h on which screw the outer cylinder M is screwed.

L is a lip formed around the upper end of the inner cylinder G for thebutton to shut against when extinguishing the lamp.

M is the outer cylinder for regulating the light, to which the button Rring V and guard U are affixed.

N is the spiral thread or female screw formed on the inside of saidouter cylinder M, corresponding with the male screw K on the outside ofthe inner cylinder, G. O is the head of the outer cylinder M in whichthe burners are formed. P are the burners, through which the vaporissues.

Q is a central tube or heater for heating the liquid to produce thevapor or gas closed at its lower end and open at its upper end, which isformed into a trumpet shaped top or button R, but which may be of aconical, spherical, or other shape, suitable for producing the intendedeffect. This tube is r and rises and falls with it, forming, in

combination with the inner cylinder G a valve for regulating thedischarge of vapor The tube Q is sursuitable distance therefrom andwhich is wrapped with cotton wick T for conducting the liquid to thehottest part of the inner cylinder for a quick generation of vapor byradiation. The reticulated cylinder is to prevent the cotton wick fromtouching the central tube and thereby becoming charred. The liquidreceives its heat from the heater Q by radiation as well as by contact.U is a guard or shield attached to the base of the outer cylinder M,being of greater diameter than the reservoir and embracing a little morethan one half of its external surface to prveent the flame igniting anyvapor that might escape from the reservoir.

V is a ring attached to the outer cylinder by a small ring 2' and armsfor supporting the glass shade and for turning the outer cylinder M inorder to increase or diminish the light.

V W is the passage for the vapor from the inner to the outer cylinder(or burner) formed by the under surface of the button R and top of theinner cylinder G which is shaped to fit the button, and thus form aclose joint when the button is shut down tight upon it to prevent theascent of any vapor. This portion of the combination forms what I term avalve and is the essential part of my improvement as it com-- pletelyregulates the light and consumption of gas and vapor without the use ofdouble perforated concentric cylinders .used in Jennings lamp.

The level of the liquid is the same in the tube G, as in the reservoirA, as shown by the dotted line A and is always in contact with theheating tube Q. The liquid in the tube G, is raised above the level bythe conducting wick T, and reticulated wire S, by capillary attraction.The liquid below the dotted line is heated by its contact with theheater Q. That which is above the dotted line is heated by radiationfrom the heater Q.

Operation: The operation of this lamp is as follows. The volatileliquid, or liquids, to form the vapor is poured into the reservoir Athrough the opening B and the aperture closed by the insertion of thestopper 0. The outer cylinder is then screwed upon the inner cylinderand descended until the vapor way W is of the required size. The tubularheater Q, guard U, and glass holder V, descends, or ascends,simultaneously with the outer cylinder M, being all combined with it. Asmall quantity of the spirit is then poured into the tube Q through thefunnel or trumpet shaped button R wherein it is ignited. This temporarylight soon heats the tube Q to that degree necessary for the productionof vapor in the cylinder G to supply the burners P. The vapor ascendsthrough the said inner cylinder G, ways W, and passes into the cavity 0of the head 0 of the outer cylinder, from whence it issues in smallstreams through the perforations P, being inflamed on the outside of thehead of the burner where it burns in the manner of gas lightsthere beingany required number of radial perforations P through which the vaporissues. The arrows show the direction that the vapor takes in passingfrom the inner to the outer cylinder. Should too much vapor issuethrough the perforations P the ring V must be turned to the right whichwill cause the outer cylinder M, guard U, tubular heater Q, and buttonR, to descend-making the openings W smaller. To extinguish the lightsthe cylinder M must be turned in the same direction, till the butt-on Rcomes in close contact with the beveled end L of the inner cylinder. Toincrease the discharge of vapor the motion of the outer cylinder must'bereversed. When the button R is down upon the end of the inner cylinder Gthe guard U will be nearly down upon the convex surface of the reservoirA. This guard prevents the possibility of any vapor, that might chanceto escape at the joints, becoming ignited by the flame from the burner.It likewise adds to the beauty of the lamp and conceals the stopper andother projections. Should there be too great pressure of vapor in thereservoir the valve D will rise from its'seat, con tract the helicalspring F, and let out the vapor through the openings 0 in the top tillthe pressure is so far reduced as to permit the spring to reclose thevalve. By the use of this valve all danger of explosion from excessivepressure of vapor within the reservoir is removed. The vapor that is letoff will pass below the lower edge of the guard and be condensed withoutthe danger of ignitionthus rendering this lamp much more secure thanothers in use.

I do not claim as my invention a generating tube or vapor burnerseparately considered, but

What I do claim as my invention and improvement in lamps for producinglight by burning the vapor or gas generated within itself in the mannerof gas burners and which I desire to secure by Letters Patent is- 1. Themode of regulating and extinguishing the light, when required, by meansof a valve formed by the top of the inner cylinder G at L and the end orsurface of the button R attached to the head 0 of the outer cylinder M,whether the several parts forming said valve be made and arranged in themanner above described, or other mode substantially the same, by whichsimilar results shall be produced.

2. I also claim the employment of the safety valve C,'D, E, incombination with the guard plate constructed substantially as abovedescribed.

3. I likewise claim the use of. the guard U in combination with thecombined'burner and generator, arranged and operating in the manner andfor the purpose above set forth.

4. I also claim combining the generator Q, R,burner M, O,ring V andguard U in a single piece made to ascend and descend simultaneously inthe manner and for the purpose substantially as herein set forth.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto signed my name before twosubscribing witnesses.

HORATIO G. SICKEL.

Witnesses:

LUND WASHINGTON, Senr., WM. P. ELLIOT.

[FIRST PRINTED 1913.]

